Inteligencia Artifical Generativa en la educación superior

percepciones, creencias y desafíos éticos de los estudiantes de Psicología y Educación

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54886/ibersid.v20i1.5179

Palabras clave:

Inteligencia Artificial Generativa, Percepciones, Estudiantes, Educación Superior, Psicología, Educación, Integridad académica, Portugal

Resumen

Este estudio analiza las percepciones de 272 estudiantes universitarios de primer año en Portugal, principalmente de las áreas de Psicología y Ciencias de la Educación, respecto al uso de la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (IA-Gen) en el aprendizaje, evaluando su facilidad de uso, confianza, inteligencia percibida e intención de adopción mediante un diseño mixto de cuestionario y preguntas abiertas. Los resultados revelan una adopción significativa de la tecnología, con un 58,9 % de los alumnos utilizándola al menos semanalmente y una clara dominancia de ChatGPT (88 %), empleado principalmente para la comprensión de temas complejos (80,7 %) y la síntesis de contenidos (70,7 %). Los participantes manifiestan una postura de optimismo crítico: aunque valoran la IA-Gen como intuitiva y beneficiosa, y reconocen que su eficacia radica en la formulación de buenas preguntas (M = 4,31), muestran reservas importantes sobre su fiabilidad. Existe un consenso casi unánime en la necesidad de validar la información con fuentes expertas (M = 4,15), así como preocupación por el plagio, la seguridad de los datos, el impacto social negativo y la erosión del pensamiento crítico (M = 2,31). Asimismo, la inteligencia de la IA se percibe como inferior a la de los docentes (M = 2,42), reafirmando el valor insustituible de la mediación humana. En conclusión, el estudio subraya la necesidad urgente de que las instituciones de educación superior implementen directrices claras, promuevan el desarrollo profesional docente y desarrollen programas de alfabetización en IA para los estudiantes, asegurando así una integración tecnológica que salvaguarde la integridad académica y mitigue riesgos como la dependencia excesiva.

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Publicado

2026-06-23

Cómo citar

Lopes, C., Antunes, M. L., & Sanches, T. (2026). Inteligencia Artifical Generativa en la educación superior: percepciones, creencias y desafíos éticos de los estudiantes de Psicología y Educación. Ibersid: Revista De Sistemas De información Y documentación, 20(1), 109–123. https://doi.org/10.54886/ibersid.v20i1.5179

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